Narrator is Howard Goodall.  Bass is music’s youngest element, it has only been around for four centuries, but since then it has been on an extraordinary journey.  The bass line in a piece of music is its foundation, it roots, these days it is an essential it is central to all the music you hear.  This video is about how bass works.  A bass line gives a piece of music its distinguishing characteristic.  Video also goes through vocabulary used in music; such as tonic, tonality, and root.   Organs discovered bass long before other instruments, they are usually an octave lower than other instruments.   (9:57)